Whether youre concerned with design, selection, or performance, youll find fast, accurate answers in this ebook all without wading through pages of theory. This is based on the authors experience on the use of vocabulary in most design engineering, procurement and. Sometimes a very rough high level engineering cost for a future project might be needed for budget approvals, initial planning, contracting strategy discussions, benchmarking of bid prices or negotiating with the engineering contractors. We have found the following rules of thumb to be useful in estimating the approximate depth of a structural member as well. Short answer using rules of thumb v max should be approximately 23s to 34s of vav box v nom v min should be approximately to 14 of vav box v max. Design rules of thumb in the early stages of a project, we are often asked how large structural elements will be before we have had a chance to perform the necessary computations. Rules of thumb for mechanical engineers pdf download online. Online pigbased method is widely used for monitoring pipes in oil and gas pipelines 6. Mar 02, 2018 i am an air conditioning contractor and i have something to confess when it comes to air conditioning equipment sizing. But is this chart is not available, in that case, you can use thumb rule to get the spanner size.
Some of the random thoughts are summed up here and i will try to uograde the list further. This video will help you understand how the sizes work. Now in its eighth edition, this handbook continues to set the standard by which all other piping books are judged. The objective is to design and construct a plant in a costeffective manner. Hi all, while reading one document reagarding piping, they have written mto for steam traps, valves for vent and drain can be calculated by using thumb rules i can understand that at the initial stage by keeping rake position and layout we can assume all posible rise and drops of our line and thus can estimate steam traps and vent drain.
As a rule of thumb, use 1 size larger pipe on the suction of the pump. Cost estimating fundamentals and tricks of the trade. Pipeline rules of thumb handbook 8th edition elsevier. In this video i showed the most needed thumb rule of civil engineering and with the help of this you can easily estimate the quantity of material and. Obstructions include valves, elbows, tees, and etc.
Once you find your weak areas, then you should go back and revisit the key concepts and skills within those topics such that you can be better prepared for the actual pe exam. Considerable attention must be directed to the pump suction piping to ensure satisfactory pump operation. Piping engineers might have their own when routing the piping. Thumb rule is defining as we develop a constant number with our past experience and our field daily work experience. Process equipment cost estimating by ratio and proportion.
Hvac equations data and rules of thumb boilersinfo. Download citation pipeline rules of thumb handbook this classic. The heating, ventilation, and air conditioning hvac equations, data, rules of thumb, and other information contained within this reference manual were assembled to aid the beginning engineer and designer in the design of hvac systems. This blog is for all piping fabricators, designers and engineers out there.
The piping engineering world the piping engineering world. Rules of thumbs for sizing control valves learning. This chapter presents calculations for determining pressure drop in pipes, orifices, and control valves. There is a great deal of judgment that is required in evaluating the results. For example, the working pressure for a class 400 flange at 100 f is approximately 2. Rule 3 limit the maximum flow rate through the valve. If a higher degree of sophistication is sought, table 1 below can be used. Hvac rule of thumb calculator engineering pro guides. Whether youre concerned with design, selection, or performance, youll find. Feb 18, 2017 thumb rules for engineering costs february 18, 2017 march 11, 2018 vikas khaitan sometimes a very rough high level engineering cost for a future project might be needed for budget approvals, initial planning, contracting strategy discussions, benchmarking of bid prices or negotiating with the engineering contractors. Designing domestic hot water recirculation systems. Aug 01, 2009 for example, chemical engineers might have their rules of thumb when designing any process equipment. Deppmann monday morning minutes series will focus on the design of domestic hot water recirculation systems in the plumbing portion of the commercial and institutional building. Piping engineer must have sufficient broad knowledge to know that certain conditions can arise at the early stages of plant design, where lack of awareness can cause difficulties, revisions and unnecessary delay.
Of course, the plumbing engineer may decide to design more conservatively than the dfu requirements. According to the bureau of labor statistics, the demand for civil engineers, which. Aug 03, 2015 now in its sixth edition, pipeline rules of thumb handbook has been and continues to be the standard resource for any professional in the pipeline industry. Engineering pro guides exams are created based on the four criteria that are used to determine what will be on the pe exam. A fairly good knowledge of loads and stresses is a must. To reduce capital costs, some engineers may decrease the pipe size to.
Download rules of thumb for mechanical engineers by j. Library of congress cataloginginpublication data pipeline rules of thumb handbook. In all civil engineering works using the basic rule of survering working from whole to part is important while doing any layout. To become one, you typically need to earn a bachelors degree in mechanical, structural or civil engineering, fulfill licensing. Piping pressure drop p density, lbft3 d internal pipe diameter, in. I am an air conditioning contractor and i have something to confess when it comes to air conditioning equipment sizing. Keeping the suction piping short ensures that inlet pressure drop is as low as possible. Rules of thumb for mechanical engineers national bronze mfg.
Jul, 2014 ever had trouble trying to order the right sized pipe. Utilities design rules design rules for utilities cooling water, cooling air, compressed air fuel, heat transfer and electricity insulations insulation design rules of the thumb for magnesia, asbetos, ceramic refractories, cryogenic. Also covers tribology, vibrations, materials, stress and fatigue, instrumentation, and engineering economics. A simple rule of thumb that was pointedout to me years ago concerns the class rating of flanges. Time to phase out rules of thumb high performance hvac today. Pipe stress analysis steps pipelines, piping and fluid. Rules of thumb for mechanical engineers pdf download.
Sep 10, 2012 uses a design heuristic related to energy losses in a piping system. Now in its eighth edition, this handbook continues to set the standard by. Online pig based method is widely used for monitoring pipes in oil and gas pipelines 6. This is based on the authors experience on the use of vocabulary in most design engineering, procurement and construction epc companies. Whether youre concerned with design, selection, or performance, youll find fast, accurate answers here all without wading through pages of theory. In south africa we use the guidelines for human settlement planning and design, or what we just call the civil red book. Presented in easytouse, stepbystep order, pipeline rules of thumb handbook is a quick reference for daytoday pipeline operations. Save time with this collection of straightforward, commonsense techniques that provide quick. The straight run pipe gives you a uniform velocity across. A standard chart is available that shows the size of a given bolt and corresponding spanner size. How we develop thumb rule for building estimations civil. It transports fluids from one place to another, from one equipment to another. In the case of boiler feedwater pumps, the minimum flow is preferably piped back to the deaerator.
Rules of thumb for chemical engineers sciencedirect. The first step in passing the pe exam is to learn the key concepts and skills on the topics presented in the ncees outline for your specific pe exam power, thermal, hvac or machine design. A piping construction engineer plans the schedule of piping works, assists with material procurement, oversees installations and maintenance operations and supervises construction staff. Bhatia 2 each piping engineer and designer should familiar with. If full engineering calculations are not possiblethe conservative approach is to select pipe sizes that produce a velocity of less than 3 msec.
Rules of thumb for mechanical engineers boilersinfo. Rule 2 set the control pressure drop to 50 60% of the frictional pressure loss of the piping system. For more than 35 years, the pipeline rules of thumb handbook has served as the goto reference for solving even the most daytoday vexing pipeline workflow problems. It also requires considerable management and coordination skills.
A piping network in a processing plant is like a network of veins and arteries in our body. Piping, in operation, is always in movement and subject to pressure and. Equipment design rules of the thumb is intended to present parameters and guidelines for equipment design based on different industrial experience. A ruleofthumb to use if you need to install liquid carrying pipelines without engineered drawings is to look for the largestsupplying nozzle. Squarefootassembly squarefoot estimates often also occur early in the project, using historical data to determine current cost. Imho, rules of thumb are only useful to trigger further analysis. Pipe diameter on suction side should be equal or one size larger than pump inlet suction piping velocities should be limited to 7 to 8 feet per second or less.
Someone who can at least estimate the size of a vessel without doing any calculations. Introduction to process plant layout and piping design. Shortcuts for pipeline construction, design, and engineering calculations. While most pipe thickness is within 1% to 2% of nominal. Rule 4 avoid using the lower 10% and upper 20% of the valve stroke. Top 100 thumb rule of construction for civil engineer.
Sizing liquid flow pipelines easily linkedin slideshare. Fluidflow rulesofthumbforchemicalengineersfourthedition. This series will be of value to engineers and designers who are new to our industry. Normally, the lead piping material engineer, the individual responsible for all piping engineering functions, usually reports directly to the project lead piping engineer.
All rules of thumb should be considered inaccurate and dangerous. The application of applying this rule of thumb mainly in engineering design work can shorten the time required to design. Hvac equations data and rules of thumb by arthur a. A manual of quick, accurate solutions to every day mechanical engineering problems. The seasoned plumbing engineer will also pick up a few new ideas. Dear fellow pipers welcome to the piping engineering world. Piping interview questions part9 essential questions part2. Utilities design rules design rules for utilities cooling water, cooling air, compressed air fuel, heat transfer and electricity insulations insulation design rules of the thumb for magnesia, asbetos, ceramic refractories, cryogenic, optimum.
Probably 95% of us dont use the right tools for calculating heat loads. For example, chemical engineers might have their rules of thumb when designing any process equipment. If plumbing systems had to be designed for that scenario, pipe sizes would be huge. Structural engineering design rules of thumb in the early stages of a project, we are often asked how large structural elements will be before we have had a chance to perform the necessary computations. Include a straight run pipe length equal to 5 to 10 times the pipe diameter between the pump inlet and any obstruction in the suction line. Rules of thumb for piping sizing are listed, including.
Experience is typically what turns a good engineer into a great engineer. Feb 12, 2011 if full engineering calculations are not possiblethe conservative approach is to select pipe sizes that produce a velocity of less than 3 msec. Line velocities and pressure drop, with line diameter d in inches. General suction system is an important part of the pump system and should be thought of as a very specialized piping design. Expansion loops all pipe stress engineers need to understand and be able to use simple rules, tools, and methods for checking loops in rack piping. Their work environment is mostly an office setting but, depending on ones industry, the job can involve surveying field locations. Rule of thumb for estimating number of engineering deliverables.
Jul 23, 2017 the design of process plants is a complex team effort involving different disciplines of engineering. The dfu concept allows reasonable sizing of sanitary sewer lines, based on experience from many buildings. In addition to losses due to friction in a piping system, there are also losses. Made by faculty at the university of colorado boulder department of chemical and biological engineering. What is the thumb rule to calculate spanner size for a given bolt. Rules of thumb for chemical engineers brings together solutions, information and workarounds that engineers in the process industry need to get their job done new material in the fifth edition includes physical properties for proprietary materials, six new chapters, including pharmaceutical, biopharmaceutical sector heuristics, process design with simulation software, and guidelines for. Process piping fundamentals, codes and standards module 1 a. Introduction to piping engineering by gerald may, p. Engineering pro guides mechanical and electrical pe. The responsibilities of piping construction engineers. In the sample office building above, you would use the 110,000 ft2 value in the hvac rule of thumb calculator. If this piping system is to be designed to code the following is required of the designer. An engineer that can look at a pipe and a flowmeter and guess the pressure drop within 5%. Now in its sixth edition, pipeline rules of thumb handbook has been and continues to be the standard resource for any professional in the pipeline industry.
If you have multiple floors, then add up all the air conditioned area for all floors and insert a single number for the hvac building area value. Rule of thumb for estimating number of engineering deliverables mjcronin mechanical 5 jun 14 14. The rough cost could also be helpful to plan the manning level in the design office. One rule of thumb for setting the distance between piping levels is three times the largest pipe size. Piping loops can require extra pipe supports and can take up plant real estate. Rule of thumb maximum flow velocity of water in pipes engineering. Designing an industrial piping system that optimizes flow rates helps. Rules of thumb for mechanical engineers lasses in pipe fittings and valves. Rule of thumb for estimating number of engineering. Eliminate elbows mounted on or close to the inlet nozzle of the pump include 5 to 10 pipe diameters of straight run pipe between the pump inlet and elbow.
Loops are best for the longterm performance of a stress analysis. If you have multiple floors, then add up all the air conditioned area for all floors and insert a single number for the hvac building area. How to design an industrial piping system for ideal flow rate and. Uses a design heuristic related to energy losses in a piping system. Learn the key concepts and skills on the pe exam with the technical study guide. A practical and convenient reference, it provides quick solutions to the everyday pipeline problems that the pipeline engineer, contractor, or designer faces. The role of piping engineer is a supervisory role, so many employers prefer candidates with one to three years of experience. Purchase pipeline rules of thumb handbook 8th edition. The general rule of thumb is to maintain a velocity below 5 fts 1. Depending on the size of the project, the lead piping material engineer may be assisted by a number of suitably qualified piping material engineers especially during the peak. Broadly speaking, there are two types of piping engineers layout engineers and stress engineers.
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